Q.5 Explain the organization of
environmental education system.
Ans. Organization of Environmental Education
System: -
Environmental education can be imparted in
two ways:
(a) Formal Education
(b) Non formal Education
(a)
Formal Education: -
Formal education is given in
schools, colleges and universities etc., limited to a specific period and has a
well defined and systematic curriculum.
The best approach in any
awareness programme is to propagate through children and youth as they quickly
take to new ideas and are the future activists. Formal environmental education
should begin at the primary school level. Curriculum should be constructed
taking into account the class and age of the students. The content at the
primary stage must be easily accessible to the young minds and so the emphasis
should be no building up the environmental awareness in the child.
By lower secondary level, the
child is conscious about the physical, social and aesthetic aspects of
environment. At this stage and beyond, inter-disciplinary approach must be
adopted and so the emphasis must be on increasing the knowledge about
environmental problems, conservation and sustainable development.
University Grants Commission
(UGC) has the main responsibility of environmental education at post graduate
level.
At post graduate level,
environmental education also includes social ecology i.e., human ecology, sociology,
psychology, counselling, cost-benefit aspects, environmental ethics etc.
(b)
Non-Formal Education: -
Environmental education needs to
be a life long affair rather than a matter of formal schooling. This
realization has resulted in an increase in non formal education which includes
activities outside the framework of the established formal education system.
The process of non-formal environment education is experience based involving
exercises of solving environmental problems. This gives the students an
out-of-school exposure which involves the students in natural processes of
enquiring, exploring, conjecturing, comparing, inferring evaluating and
decision making regarding environmental problems in their surrounding.
Flexibility of approach is the most fundamental characteristic of non-formal
environmental education programmes.
Non-formal education includes
organization of extra-curricular activities like eco development camps, posters
and essay-writing competitions, exhibitions, seminars, nature camps,
nature-club activities, audio visual slides, mobile exhibitions etc.
Q.6 “Environment education can play an
important role in environmental protection”. Explain it. (AKTU. - 2008 - 09)
Ans. Environmental education increases public awareness and knowledge
about environmental issues or problems. In doing so, it provides the public
with the necessary skills to make informed decisions and take responsible
action.
A primary desired outcome of
environmental education programs is environmental literacy. Through the many
programs funded and led by EPA, people of all ages and backgrounds are being
provided multiple experiences that foster development of the combination of
knowledge, skills, and attitudes required to be environmentally literate.
Because environmental education is a process, it cannot in itself improve the
environment, such as by enhancing local air or water quality. Instead,
environmental education provides the capability and skills over time to analyze
environmental issues, engage in problem solving, and take action to sustain and
improve the environment. As a result, individuals are more capable of weighing
various sides of an environmental issue to make informed and responsible
decisions.
The
components of environmental education are:
Ø Awareness
and sensitivity to the
environment and environmental challenges
Ø Knowledge and understanding of the environment and environmental challenges
Ø Attitudes of concern for the environment and
motivation to improve or maintain environmental quality
Ø Skills to identify and help resolve
environmental challenges
Ø Participation in activities that lead to the resolution
of environmental challenges
Environmental education does not
advocate a particular viewpoint or course of action. Rather, environmental
education teaches individuals how to weigh various sides of an issue through
critical thinking and it enhances their own problem-solving and decision-making
skills.
Q.7 Describe how women’s education aid with
the development of India?
Ans. Women’s Education: -
Women’s education and development analyses
the contribution of women’s education in India to various dimensions of
development. The contributions of the scholar drawn from various disciplines,
such as Economics, Sociology, Political Science, and Education, compliment each
other in their analyses and thus, in all the volume presents a rich and
insightful analyses of women’s education issues from sociological, economic and
political angles, and their relation to different facets of development in the
labour market, inside the home and in the larger society.
