Q.1 Define the following - word and phrase.
Ans. Word: -
Word is a basic unit in a sentence. We use words to say something about a person or thing. Without words no written or oral communication is possible. A word, in fact, is a complete unit with a definite meaning. For example cat, black, wall etc. have their own meaning. When these varieties of words are put together, they form a sentence which has got its own meaning.
Phrase: -
A phrase is usually a small group of words without a predicate which makes sense but not complete sense.
Example :
I would build a hospital for the poor.
‘For the poor’ in the above sentence is a phrase.
These phrases may be of different types such as there can be noun phrases, adjective phrases and adverb phrases.
Q.2 Give the formation of word, nouns, adjectives.
Ans. Word Formation: -
Certain verbal elements are placed either at the beginning or at the end of word to qualify its meaning. The verbal element placed at the beginning of the word is known as prefix while the verbal element placed at the end of the word is called suffix.
Example : (i) Add-dis at the beginning of the following words in order to derive a new word:
obey - disobey, honour - dishonour.
(ii) Add - ment at the end of the following words in order to derive a new word:
Arrange - arrangement, adjust - adjustment.
Noun Formation: -
A verb or an adjective can be changed into noun by adding the suffixes such as - tion, -ment, - ism, -ery, - or, etc.
Example : Accomplish - accomplishment, add - addition, brave - bravery, stupid - stupidity, break - breakage, approve - approval, decorate - decorator etc.
Adjective Formation: -
To form Adjectives from Nouns and Verbs, the suffixes such as-cious, -ous, -able, -ible and the like are used.
Examples : Universe - universal, notice - noticeable, space - spacious, courage - courageous, respect - respectful, force - forcible etc.
Q.3 Change the following verbs into nouns :
Achieve, Compose, Deceive, Efface, Fascinate, Gamble, Hate, Identify, Peculate, Live move, Offend, Know, Quote, Serve, Urge, Vary, Weave, beautify, Bleed.
Ans.
Q.4 Change the following adjectives into nouns :
Able, Brief, Certain, Double, Equal, False, Invisible, Lonely, Moist, Normal, Patriot, Rival, Gentle, Royal, Secret, Strange, Vulgar, Wide, Holy, Vacant.
Ans.
Q.5 Change the following nouns into adjectives :
Advice, Accident, Body, Defect, Example, Face, Fever, Burden, Circle, Miracle, Boy, Flower, Glory, Language, Muscle, Office, Pity, Terror, War, Water.
Ans.
Q.6 Change the following nouns into abstract nouns:
Bond, Child, Person, Rogue, Hero, Hermit, Woman, Advocate, Coward, Tyrant.
Ans.
Q.7 Give the meaning of the following words :
Configuration, Oscillation, Transistor, Acquit, Jury, Extortion, Antibiotic, Comatose, Dialysis, Imminent, Absolve, Concede, Deplete, Deter, Dogmatic, Enigma, Fanatic, Immutable, levity, Morose, Pernicious, Redundant, Verbose, Wane, Zealot.
Ans.
Q.8 What do you understand by synonyms and antonyms.
Ans. SYNONYMS: -
In greek, syn means plus and onoma means name. Synonyms are different words with identical or at least, similar meanings. Words that are synonyms are said to be synonymous and the state of being a synonym is called synonymy.
Defining a synonym, the concise oxford dictionary of current English mentions-A synonym is a “word or phrase identical and coextensive in sense and usage with another of the same language”. A synonym should be in the same part of speech in which the given word is.
For example : Accept - Assent, Actual - Real etc.
ANTONYMS: -
Antonym is derived from the Greek words anti, which means opposite, and onoma, which means name. Antonyms the word pairs that are opposite in meaning such as dark and light, tall and short etc.
In other word, Antonym is defined as a “word that is contrary in meaning to another”. An antonym must be in the same part of speech in which the given word is. Also the answer should be in the same tense form in which the key-word is.
Ans. Word: -
Word is a basic unit in a sentence. We use words to say something about a person or thing. Without words no written or oral communication is possible. A word, in fact, is a complete unit with a definite meaning. For example cat, black, wall etc. have their own meaning. When these varieties of words are put together, they form a sentence which has got its own meaning.
Phrase: -
A phrase is usually a small group of words without a predicate which makes sense but not complete sense.
Example :
I would build a hospital for the poor.
‘For the poor’ in the above sentence is a phrase.
These phrases may be of different types such as there can be noun phrases, adjective phrases and adverb phrases.
Q.2 Give the formation of word, nouns, adjectives.
Ans. Word Formation: -
Certain verbal elements are placed either at the beginning or at the end of word to qualify its meaning. The verbal element placed at the beginning of the word is known as prefix while the verbal element placed at the end of the word is called suffix.
Example : (i) Add-dis at the beginning of the following words in order to derive a new word:
obey - disobey, honour - dishonour.
(ii) Add - ment at the end of the following words in order to derive a new word:
Arrange - arrangement, adjust - adjustment.
Noun Formation: -
A verb or an adjective can be changed into noun by adding the suffixes such as - tion, -ment, - ism, -ery, - or, etc.
Example : Accomplish - accomplishment, add - addition, brave - bravery, stupid - stupidity, break - breakage, approve - approval, decorate - decorator etc.
Adjective Formation: -
To form Adjectives from Nouns and Verbs, the suffixes such as-cious, -ous, -able, -ible and the like are used.
Examples : Universe - universal, notice - noticeable, space - spacious, courage - courageous, respect - respectful, force - forcible etc.
Q.3 Change the following verbs into nouns :
Achieve, Compose, Deceive, Efface, Fascinate, Gamble, Hate, Identify, Peculate, Live move, Offend, Know, Quote, Serve, Urge, Vary, Weave, beautify, Bleed.
Ans.
Q.4 Change the following adjectives into nouns :
Able, Brief, Certain, Double, Equal, False, Invisible, Lonely, Moist, Normal, Patriot, Rival, Gentle, Royal, Secret, Strange, Vulgar, Wide, Holy, Vacant.
Ans.
Advice, Accident, Body, Defect, Example, Face, Fever, Burden, Circle, Miracle, Boy, Flower, Glory, Language, Muscle, Office, Pity, Terror, War, Water.
Ans.
Q.6 Change the following nouns into abstract nouns:
Bond, Child, Person, Rogue, Hero, Hermit, Woman, Advocate, Coward, Tyrant.
Ans.
Q.7 Give the meaning of the following words :
Configuration, Oscillation, Transistor, Acquit, Jury, Extortion, Antibiotic, Comatose, Dialysis, Imminent, Absolve, Concede, Deplete, Deter, Dogmatic, Enigma, Fanatic, Immutable, levity, Morose, Pernicious, Redundant, Verbose, Wane, Zealot.
Ans.
Q.8 What do you understand by synonyms and antonyms.
Ans. SYNONYMS: -
In greek, syn means plus and onoma means name. Synonyms are different words with identical or at least, similar meanings. Words that are synonyms are said to be synonymous and the state of being a synonym is called synonymy.
Defining a synonym, the concise oxford dictionary of current English mentions-A synonym is a “word or phrase identical and coextensive in sense and usage with another of the same language”. A synonym should be in the same part of speech in which the given word is.
For example : Accept - Assent, Actual - Real etc.
ANTONYMS: -
Antonym is derived from the Greek words anti, which means opposite, and onoma, which means name. Antonyms the word pairs that are opposite in meaning such as dark and light, tall and short etc.
In other word, Antonym is defined as a “word that is contrary in meaning to another”. An antonym must be in the same part of speech in which the given word is. Also the answer should be in the same tense form in which the key-word is.