Q.11. Mention the characteristics of technical communication or technical writing.
(2009-10, 04-05)
Ans. Gunningham and Hartley have given four characteristics of technical writing which are as follows :
(a) It requires specific audience,
(b) It uses plain and objective language,
(c) It stresses presentational organization and
(d) It employs visual aids.
Specific Audience: -
Technical writing engages a specific audience. In any writing situation, audience has a specific role. A good writer prepares his documents keeping in view different audience roles.
Objective Language: -
Plain and objective language is a pre-requisite of a technical writing. The writer uses such language which the reader easily follows. No doubt, the writer uses the technical vocabulary but he presents the subject in plain and objective language.
Presentational Organization: -
Good technical writers employ such devices which enable them to make the format of document easy to scan. They often use repretition and white spaces between lines to emphasize important points. Such devices are used by the writers to make their presentational writing easy to glance at quickly.
Visual Aids: -
Visual aids are an essential part of technical writing. The writers use bar graphs, line graphs, pie charts etc., in order to communicate effectively. Technical writers use visual aids for four purposes : (a) to summarize data (b) to give readers an opportunity to explore data (c) to provide a different entry point into the discussion and (d) to engage reader’s expectations.
Q.12 Economy is one of the features of technical writing. Explain with examples.
(2009-10)
Ans. Economy is one of the Features of Technical Writing: -
In technical writing, the writing material must be clear & short. Short means economical, economicality of words & thoughts, must be necessary in technical writing. The write must know that reader have no more time to read it and reply very broadly. So in the technical writing careful about first thing that matter must be short (economical and clear) no ambiguity are required in the technical writing, technical writing are must focused on all the aspects of matter in small number of words and without formality of respect and wisheses.
So I can say economy is one of the features of technical writing.
Q.13 What are the conversational problems of second / foreign language users ? Describe. (2009-10)
Ans. In the todays environment second / other foreign languages are very important and become very scopeful in words.
There are several problems occur during conversation in other languages. There are several causes of it.
(i) Grametical Changes: -
One of the most important reason is grammatical change in mother tongue language and other foreign language. They can be manipulate in each other so always other language grammar become inferior so conversational problem occur.
(ii) Common Words in Both Languages: -
There are several possibilities both languages uses same word with different meaning or same meaning. It can create ambiguity in the conversation of other languages.
(iii) Not Big Vocabulary: -
In the foreign languages generally no body have big vocabulary power and pronounciation capabilities so it is again create trouble with handling in multiple languages.
Q.14. How could private sector/corporate sector organizations be more liberal in adopting internal communication channels? Explain briefly. (2011 - 12)
Ans. In today’s fast paced e-commerce environment, organizations lay stress on team-work where the top officials and the low-level employees interact with each other. In such team based organization, communication becomes its life blood in which the information flows form fowm, up and across the organization.
Internal communication refers to exchange of ideas and information within an organization which may be formal or informal. Information may travel down, up and across an organization’s formal administrative hirerarchy. Information, thus, is supposed to flow in:
* Downward flow * Upwardflow * Horizontal flow
The main motive of this internal communication is to help the employees to do their jobs. It helps to solve the problems or any complex situation and also develop a clear vision of the mission of the organization. In organizations much information can be exchanged internally by telephones, e-mail, fax, memo and so on.
Therefore the private sector / corporate sector organizations be more liberal in adopting internal communication channels.
Q.15. What happens to the organization when communication breaks down within an organization ? Suggest ways to avert it. (2011 - 12)
Ans. We well know that effective communication is the amphalos of all the business activities of an organization. Even a slight break in communication flow can lead to misunderstanding of the message. When communication breaks down within an organization, no organization can survive. All the activities that an organization undertakes have communication at their hub. The better your communication skills, the greater are your chances of quick progress. Break down in communication effect your progress and work.
There are some ways to avert this breakdown in communication -
1. Identify the problem
2. Find the cause
3. Work on alternative solutions
4. Opt for the best solution
5. Follow up rigorously.
Q.16. How does incongruity between verbal and non-verbal message create problems in communicating something effectively? (2011 - 12)
Ans. Misinterpreted non-verbal communication acts as another barrier to effective information gathering. Non-verbal communication usually enhances and enlivnes verbal communication. Actions speak louder than words, and thus, non-verbal cues provide a deeper insight into the sender’s message. Ignoring non-verbal cues or misinterpreting them can result in the message being completely misunderstood. Thus, one should not only try to accurately gauge other’s non-verbal cues but also be aware of one’s own body language.
Physical appearance often serves as one of the most important non-verbal cues. First impressions regarding people are made on the basis of physical appearance.
While interpretation of non-verbal cues requires keen observation, there are also pitfalls to guard against. For instance, there is great disparity in the use and interpretation of non-verbal message across countries and cultures.