Q.11 What is Comprehension? How does it help in imporving the reading and writing skills of a person?
Ans. Comprehension: - (2010 - 11)
A Comprehension can be Comprehended by taking extracts from various parts of the text and integrating and analyzing them together. It involves readers in own interpretation.
A Comprehension is a personal interpretation of a work or an expression of your opinion of the idea. It helps in improving the reading and writing skills of a person. In reading or writing the eyes come in contact with certain words which are used to represent certain ideas. Mind perceives the meaning of those words which ultimately convey a message. Thus, the sender sends a message through some written words and the receiver receives it after reading those written word symbols.
This process is known as reading comprehension i.e. understanding through reading. There is a large demand on this skill in practical life and it can be developed with intelligent effort like any other skill.
Precis Writing
Q.12 What is a précis? How is it different from comprehension technique? (2009-10)
Related Questions -
Q. Differentiate between methods of precis writing and that of comprehension for a technical write-up. (2011 - 12)
Ans. A précis is a type of summarizing done in one’s own words about a text source. It is essential to be as accurate and brief as possible while describing the text source and highlighting upon the main ideas contained in the text. The logic, organization, emphasis and tone should be that of the original.
Precise do not make any conclusion about the original, its audience, or anything relating to the text. It must provide the reader an accurate, but brief, map of the original. The précis writers opinion on the source text or its topic should be omitted.
Precis is a lot different from comprehension reading. A comprehension involves readers own interpretation whereas in case of précis the writer has no right to express his own opinions. A précis is not a personal interpretation of a work or an expression of your opinion of the idea; it is rather, an exact replica in miniature of the work, often reduced to one quarter to one – fifth of its size, in which you express the complete argument.
For writing a précis, the writer should keep in mind the order of the original text. On the other hand, a comprehension can be comprehended by taking extracts from various parts of the text and integrating and analyzing them together.
Q.13 ‘A précis is a short and crisp one third of the organic whole of the paragraph”. Comment. (2009 - 10)
Ans. ‘A précis is a short and crisp one third of the organic whole of the paragraph”. It involves summarizing a document to extract the maximum amount of information then conveying this information to a reader in the minimum number of words. All the ideas reproduced from the original paragraph form a compact whole. The words and sentences convey a sense of unity with each other.
It achieved by the process of sifting essential from unessential information, by avoid repetition and by omitting ornamental phrases and the like. The main theme run through the sentences like the string of a necklace.
In short, précis includes summarized points more concisely and develop these points into coherent sentences. It eliminates any repetitions or irrelevant details. It use indirect speech and do not add our comments.
Q.14 Attempt a PRECIS of the given paragraph.
It is natural that prosperity should attract friendship or at least the semblance of friendship. The friends of a prosperous man come to him just as the bees come to a rose to suck honey from it. A rich man can realize their necessities by supplying them with money or helping them to obtain lucrative appointments. It is for this reason that a full purse never lacks friends. But when a rich man loses his wealth, or the powerful man is deprived of his power, all the fair-weather friends fade away. Why should they come to him now? They did not love the man himself but his riches, his hospitality and the favours he could confer on them. Only those that are true remain faithful to him. Thus it is that friendship is tried by adversity as gold is tried by fire.
[no. of words: 143] (2010 - 11)
Ans. The Prosperous man has many friends because he helps to obtain necessary things or appointments with money. But when a powerful man loses his power or wealth, all the friends go away from him and ask who are you? Only the true friends stay with him in every situation faithfully. Thus, we can say that the true friendship is like a gold.
Q.15 What is the mean of precis? Write its details.
Ans. In order to write a précis, first you need to understand the complete work, so that you can abstract the central argument and express it cogently and completely. Next you must develop the argument exactly as the writer has presented it. And reduce the work by 75 – 80% of its size. Ofcourse this is possible when you consider exactly how you learn to read the work.
The key word here is assimilation. When you read the material, it is probable that you will understand only those parts which have associations within your own experiences.
How you actually go about writing a précis depends largely on your ability to restate the writers central ideas after you have assimilated them in your own mind. The rules for writing a précis are as follows –
1. Read the original text carefully.
2. Write the précis in which you state the entire argument and present the logical progression of the argument.
3. Reduce the article to one – fifth to one – quarter of its original length and omit nothing from the essential argument. This is one of the key rules.
4. Write the précis and begin with your abstraction of the central, information idea of the article. Having understood and written the central idea, present the essential argument in as cogent manner as possible.
5. The central rule is – Do not copy a single sentence from the article. You many use key words and phrases only when you are expressing idea which are technically precise or when you feel comfortable using the writer’s own words, i.e., you understand exactly he or she means, and there is really no better way to express the concept.
Ans. Comprehension: - (2010 - 11)
A Comprehension can be Comprehended by taking extracts from various parts of the text and integrating and analyzing them together. It involves readers in own interpretation.
A Comprehension is a personal interpretation of a work or an expression of your opinion of the idea. It helps in improving the reading and writing skills of a person. In reading or writing the eyes come in contact with certain words which are used to represent certain ideas. Mind perceives the meaning of those words which ultimately convey a message. Thus, the sender sends a message through some written words and the receiver receives it after reading those written word symbols.
This process is known as reading comprehension i.e. understanding through reading. There is a large demand on this skill in practical life and it can be developed with intelligent effort like any other skill.
Precis Writing
Q.12 What is a précis? How is it different from comprehension technique? (2009-10)
Related Questions -
Q. Differentiate between methods of precis writing and that of comprehension for a technical write-up. (2011 - 12)
Ans. A précis is a type of summarizing done in one’s own words about a text source. It is essential to be as accurate and brief as possible while describing the text source and highlighting upon the main ideas contained in the text. The logic, organization, emphasis and tone should be that of the original.
Precise do not make any conclusion about the original, its audience, or anything relating to the text. It must provide the reader an accurate, but brief, map of the original. The précis writers opinion on the source text or its topic should be omitted.
Precis is a lot different from comprehension reading. A comprehension involves readers own interpretation whereas in case of précis the writer has no right to express his own opinions. A précis is not a personal interpretation of a work or an expression of your opinion of the idea; it is rather, an exact replica in miniature of the work, often reduced to one quarter to one – fifth of its size, in which you express the complete argument.
For writing a précis, the writer should keep in mind the order of the original text. On the other hand, a comprehension can be comprehended by taking extracts from various parts of the text and integrating and analyzing them together.
Q.13 ‘A précis is a short and crisp one third of the organic whole of the paragraph”. Comment. (2009 - 10)
Ans. ‘A précis is a short and crisp one third of the organic whole of the paragraph”. It involves summarizing a document to extract the maximum amount of information then conveying this information to a reader in the minimum number of words. All the ideas reproduced from the original paragraph form a compact whole. The words and sentences convey a sense of unity with each other.
It achieved by the process of sifting essential from unessential information, by avoid repetition and by omitting ornamental phrases and the like. The main theme run through the sentences like the string of a necklace.
In short, précis includes summarized points more concisely and develop these points into coherent sentences. It eliminates any repetitions or irrelevant details. It use indirect speech and do not add our comments.
Q.14 Attempt a PRECIS of the given paragraph.
It is natural that prosperity should attract friendship or at least the semblance of friendship. The friends of a prosperous man come to him just as the bees come to a rose to suck honey from it. A rich man can realize their necessities by supplying them with money or helping them to obtain lucrative appointments. It is for this reason that a full purse never lacks friends. But when a rich man loses his wealth, or the powerful man is deprived of his power, all the fair-weather friends fade away. Why should they come to him now? They did not love the man himself but his riches, his hospitality and the favours he could confer on them. Only those that are true remain faithful to him. Thus it is that friendship is tried by adversity as gold is tried by fire.
[no. of words: 143] (2010 - 11)
Ans. The Prosperous man has many friends because he helps to obtain necessary things or appointments with money. But when a powerful man loses his power or wealth, all the friends go away from him and ask who are you? Only the true friends stay with him in every situation faithfully. Thus, we can say that the true friendship is like a gold.
Q.15 What is the mean of precis? Write its details.
Ans. In order to write a précis, first you need to understand the complete work, so that you can abstract the central argument and express it cogently and completely. Next you must develop the argument exactly as the writer has presented it. And reduce the work by 75 – 80% of its size. Ofcourse this is possible when you consider exactly how you learn to read the work.
The key word here is assimilation. When you read the material, it is probable that you will understand only those parts which have associations within your own experiences.
How you actually go about writing a précis depends largely on your ability to restate the writers central ideas after you have assimilated them in your own mind. The rules for writing a précis are as follows –
1. Read the original text carefully.
2. Write the précis in which you state the entire argument and present the logical progression of the argument.
3. Reduce the article to one – fifth to one – quarter of its original length and omit nothing from the essential argument. This is one of the key rules.
4. Write the précis and begin with your abstraction of the central, information idea of the article. Having understood and written the central idea, present the essential argument in as cogent manner as possible.
5. The central rule is – Do not copy a single sentence from the article. You many use key words and phrases only when you are expressing idea which are technically precise or when you feel comfortable using the writer’s own words, i.e., you understand exactly he or she means, and there is really no better way to express the concept.