Q.15 What is the adverb? Define its states with examples. What is the position of adverb and comparison of adverb.
Ans. Definition: -
The word that modifies the meaning of a verb an adjective or another adverb is called an adverb. An adverb can also modify a preposition, a phrase, a sentence.
Ex. : He came quite early.
She was dressed all in white.
Kinds of Adverbs: -
Adverb may be classified as.
1. Simple adverb.
2. Interrogative adverb.
3. Relative adverb.
1. Simple Adverb: -
Simple adverbs may be further sub divided into the following classes according to their function.
Adverb of Time: -
Answers the question when? It indicates the time of action.
Examples: -
I haven’t seen him before.
Now I am free.
Adverb of Place: -
Answers the question. Where? It indicates the place of action.
Example: -
Please come here.
I could not find him anywhere.
Adverb of Manner: -
Answers the questions. How? Or In what manner? It indicates how an action is performed.
Examples: -
He fought bravely.
I am working hard.
Adverb of Degree or Quantity: -
Answers the question How far? Or How much? It indicates the degree, quantity, extent of an action, quality, manner.
Examples: -
The mangoes were very sweet.
My work is almost finished.
Adverb of Frequency: -
Answer the question how often? It indicates how often the action takes place.
Examples: -
He reminded you twice.
You are often late.
Adverb of Reason: -
Answer the question why? Of an action.
Examples: -
He did not work hard therefore he failed.
Thus charge is proved.
Adverb of Comparison: -
Indicates comparison –
Examples: -
He works more quickly than. I do Great men such as Mahatma Gandhi are always remembered.
Adverb of Affirmative or Negation: -
Indicates affirmation or negation of an action, statement belief opinion etc.
Examples: -
I will not do it.
I will certainly do it.
Interrogative Adverb: -
Are those adverb which are used in the beginning of a sentence to ask questions. They may be further sub divided into the following classes –
1. Interrogative Adverb of Time: -
When are you coming to my house?
2. Interrogative Adverb of Place: -
Where can I find him?
3. Interrogative Adverb of Manner: -
How did you work out the sum?
4. Interrogative Adverb of Degree or Quantity: -
How high is the Qutub minar?
5. Interrogative Adverb of Numbers: -
How many students are these in the class?
6. Interrogative Adverb of Reason: -
Why are you crying?
Relative Adverb: -
A relative adverb join clauses by relating itself to a noun and indicates time, place, reason, or manner.
These adverb (where, when, why, how) which look like interrogative adverb but do the work of joining or relating two clauses are called relative adverb.
Examples: -
I don’t know the day when he came. There must be some reason why he wept.
Position of Adverb: -
1. Although some adverbs can only occur in fixed positions in a sentence, most adverbs can come at different places. They may be at the front position, mid position or end position.
2. Adverbs of manner, adverb of time, adverbs or adverb phrases of place are generally placed after the verb or after the direct object if there is one.
Example:
3. Adverbs of frequency and certain other adverbs like already, hardly are normally placed between the subject and the verb if the verb consists of only one word.
Examples: -
He always sees people here.
He frequently sees people in the evening.
Adverb of frequency and certain other adverbs are placed after the first auxiliary if the verb consists of more than one word.
Example: -
He has never seen people in his office.
4. Adverbs are placed after the main be verbs.
Example: -
He is always late.
5. When an adverb modifies an adjective or another adverb, the adverb generally comes before the adjective or another adverb.
Examples: -
The mango is very sweet.
He escaped quite cleverly.
6. Only needs a careful handling regarding its position. In theory it is placed next to the word it applies. It is put before verb adjective and adverbs. It is either before or after nouns and pronoun.
Examples: -
I only asked for a glass of water.
I have one coat only.
Comparison of Adverb: -
Many adverbs can be compared like adjectives. The degrees of comparison that is the comparative and the superlative are formed from the positive in the following manner.
1. By adding er for the comparative and est for the superlative if the adverb is of one syllable.
2. By placing more for the comparative and most for the superlative before the positive.
3. In an is irregular way;
Ans. Definition: -
The word that modifies the meaning of a verb an adjective or another adverb is called an adverb. An adverb can also modify a preposition, a phrase, a sentence.
Ex. : He came quite early.
She was dressed all in white.
Kinds of Adverbs: -
Adverb may be classified as.
1. Simple adverb.
2. Interrogative adverb.
3. Relative adverb.
1. Simple Adverb: -
Simple adverbs may be further sub divided into the following classes according to their function.
Adverb of Time: -
Answers the question when? It indicates the time of action.
Examples: -
I haven’t seen him before.
Now I am free.
Adverb of Place: -
Answers the question. Where? It indicates the place of action.
Example: -
Please come here.
I could not find him anywhere.
Adverb of Manner: -
Answers the questions. How? Or In what manner? It indicates how an action is performed.
Examples: -
He fought bravely.
I am working hard.
Adverb of Degree or Quantity: -
Answers the question How far? Or How much? It indicates the degree, quantity, extent of an action, quality, manner.
Examples: -
The mangoes were very sweet.
My work is almost finished.
Adverb of Frequency: -
Answer the question how often? It indicates how often the action takes place.
Examples: -
He reminded you twice.
You are often late.
Adverb of Reason: -
Answer the question why? Of an action.
Examples: -
He did not work hard therefore he failed.
Thus charge is proved.
Adverb of Comparison: -
Indicates comparison –
Examples: -
He works more quickly than. I do Great men such as Mahatma Gandhi are always remembered.
Adverb of Affirmative or Negation: -
Indicates affirmation or negation of an action, statement belief opinion etc.
Examples: -
I will not do it.
I will certainly do it.
Interrogative Adverb: -
Are those adverb which are used in the beginning of a sentence to ask questions. They may be further sub divided into the following classes –
1. Interrogative Adverb of Time: -
When are you coming to my house?
2. Interrogative Adverb of Place: -
Where can I find him?
3. Interrogative Adverb of Manner: -
How did you work out the sum?
4. Interrogative Adverb of Degree or Quantity: -
How high is the Qutub minar?
5. Interrogative Adverb of Numbers: -
How many students are these in the class?
6. Interrogative Adverb of Reason: -
Why are you crying?
Relative Adverb: -
A relative adverb join clauses by relating itself to a noun and indicates time, place, reason, or manner.
These adverb (where, when, why, how) which look like interrogative adverb but do the work of joining or relating two clauses are called relative adverb.
Examples: -
I don’t know the day when he came. There must be some reason why he wept.
Position of Adverb: -
1. Although some adverbs can only occur in fixed positions in a sentence, most adverbs can come at different places. They may be at the front position, mid position or end position.
2. Adverbs of manner, adverb of time, adverbs or adverb phrases of place are generally placed after the verb or after the direct object if there is one.
Example:
3. Adverbs of frequency and certain other adverbs like already, hardly are normally placed between the subject and the verb if the verb consists of only one word.
Examples: -
He always sees people here.
He frequently sees people in the evening.
Adverb of frequency and certain other adverbs are placed after the first auxiliary if the verb consists of more than one word.
Example: -
He has never seen people in his office.
4. Adverbs are placed after the main be verbs.
Example: -
He is always late.
5. When an adverb modifies an adjective or another adverb, the adverb generally comes before the adjective or another adverb.
Examples: -
The mango is very sweet.
He escaped quite cleverly.
6. Only needs a careful handling regarding its position. In theory it is placed next to the word it applies. It is put before verb adjective and adverbs. It is either before or after nouns and pronoun.
Examples: -
I only asked for a glass of water.
I have one coat only.
Comparison of Adverb: -
Many adverbs can be compared like adjectives. The degrees of comparison that is the comparative and the superlative are formed from the positive in the following manner.
1. By adding er for the comparative and est for the superlative if the adverb is of one syllable.
2. By placing more for the comparative and most for the superlative before the positive.
3. In an is irregular way;