Q.13. What are the main objectives of industrial relation.
Ans. The main objectives of industrial relations system are:-
- To safeguard the interest of labor and management by securing the highest level of mutual understanding and good-will among all those sections in the industry which participate in the process of production.
- To avoid industrial conflict or strike and develop harmonious relations, which are an essential factor in the productivity of workers and the industrial progress of a country.
- To raise productivity to a higher level in an era of full employment by lessening the tendency to high turnover and frequency absenteeism.
- To establish and promote the growth of an industrial democracy based on labor partnership in the sharing of profits and of managerial decisions, so that ban individuals personality may grow its full stature for the benefit of the industry and of the country as well.
- To eliminate or minimize the number of strikes, lockouts and gheraos by providing reasonable wages, improved living and working conditions, said fringe benefits.
- To improve the economic conditions of workers in the existing state of industrial managements and political government.
- Socialization of industries by making the state itself a major employer
- Vesting of a proprietary interest of the workers in the industries in which they are employed.
Q.14. Write a note on code of discipline in industry.
Ans. To maintain harmonious relations and promote industrial peace, a Code of Discipline has been laid down which applies to both public and private sector enterprises. It specifies various obligations for the management and the workers with the objective of promoting cooperation between their representatives.
The basic objectives of Code of Discipline are to: -
- Maintain peace and order in industry.
- Promote constructive criticism at all levels of management and employment.
- Avoid work stoppage in industry.
- Secure the settlement of disputes and grievances by a mutually agreed procedure.
- Avoiding litigations.
- Facilitate a free growth of trade unions.
- Eliminate all forms of coercion, intimidation and violations of rules and regulations governing industrial relations.
The Code is based on the following principles:
- There should be no strike or lockout without prior notice.
- No unilateral action should be taken in connection with any industrial matter.
- Employees should follow go slow tactics.
- No deliberate damage should be caused to a plant or property.
- Acts of violations, intimidation and coercion should not be resorted.
- The existing machinery for the settlement of disputes should be utilized.
- Actions that disturb cordial relationships should be avoided.
To ensure better discipline in industry, management and unions agree on not indulging into various actions. These actions can b summarized as follows:
Management and Union(s) agree: -
- That no unilateral action should be taken in connection with any industrial matter and that should be settled at appropriate level.
- That the existing machinery for settlement of disputes should be utilized with the utmost efficiency.
- That there should be no strike or lock-out without prior notice.
- That neither party will have recourse to coercion, intimidation, victimization or go –slow tactics.
- That they will avoid litigation, sit-down and stay-in strikes and lock-outs.
- That they will promote constructive co-operation between their representatives at all levels and as between workers themselves.
- That they will establish upon a mutually agreed grievance procedure which will ensure a speedy and full investigation leading to settlement;
- That they will abide by various stages in the grievance procedure and take no arbitrary action which would by-pass this procedure; and
Management Agrees: -
- Not to increase work-loads unless agreed upon or settled otherwise.
- Not to support or encourage any unfair labor practice such as discrimination and victimization of any employee.
- To take prompt action for settlement of grievances and implementation of settlements, awards, decision and orders.
- To take appropriate disciplinary action against its officers and members in cases where enquiries reveal that they were responsible for precipitate action by workers leading to indiscipline.
Union agrees: -
- Not to engage in any form of physical duress.
- Not to permit demonstrations which are not peaceful.
- That their members will not engage or cause other employees to engage in any union activity during working hours.
- To discourage unfair labor practices such as negligence of duty, damage to property and insubordination.
- To take prompt action to implement awards, agreements, settlements and decisions .
